Doença e Chagas: Sua transmissão através do consumo de açaí
Resumo
Resumo: Introdução: a doença de chagas é transmitida através de um protozoário chamado Trypanosoma cruzi. Suas formas de transmissão são por diversas vias como: vetorial, transfusional, congênita, acidental, através de transplantes e via oral. Dentre as formas de via oral tem-se através do açaí, fruto de uma palmeira nativa da região amazônica chamado açaizeiro cultivada em solo firme, alagados e várzeas. Considerado uma fonte de alimentação das mais importantes pelas populações ribeirinhas e os de baixa renda. Objetivo: o presente estudo foi uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de trazer conhecimento e descrever a doença e sua transmissão através do consumo do açaí, as formas de combater o barbeiro, medidas preventivas e a importância da enfermagem nos cuidados com o paciente portador da doença. Método: metodologia realizada através de pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos nacionais e internacionais, com data a partir do ano 2010 onde foram encontrados um total de 27 artigos. Resultados/Discussão: demonstraram que a transmissão da doença de chagas através do consumo do açaí se dá pela deficiência na higienização do fruto desde a sua colheita até o produto final. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, no período de 2000 a 2013 ocorreram o registro de 1.570 casos no Brasil, sendo 1.081 contaminados por via oral, 100 pela forma vetorial, 6 pela vertical, 372 ignoradas e 11 por outras formas. A região norte foi a com maior número (1.430 casos), sendo em 1.023 por contaminação oral. A Região Norte do Brasil, que contribui com a maioria dos casos no país, tem a incidência relacionada com os meses da safra do açaí, entre agosto e novembro. Entre 2005 e 2013 ocorreram 112 surtos envolvendo 35 municípios da região Amazônica, e na maioria deles a contaminação foi por via oral. Conclusão: a falta de higiene e cuidado com a manipulação do açaí fez com que o número de casos se elevasse entre todas as classes sociais.
Palavras-chave: Açaí; Trypanosoma Cruzi; Doença de Chagas.
Abstract: Chagas disease is transmitted through a protozoan called Trypanosoma cruzi. Its forms of transmission are by various means such as: vector, transfusional, congenital, accidental, through transplant sand oral. Among the forms of oral routeis through açaí, the fruit of a palm tree native to the Amazon region called açaizeiro cultivated on firm soil, wetlands and floodplains. Considered a source of food of the most important by the riverside populations and those of low income. Objective: The present study was a bibliographical review with the objective of to bring knowledge and to describe the disease and its transmission through açaí consumption, ways of combating the barber, preventive measures and the importance of the nursing in the care with the patient with the disease. Method: methodology carried out through bibliographical research of national and international articles, starting in 2010, where a total of 27 articles were found. Results/Discussion: demonstrated that the transmission of the disease of Chagas through the consumption of açaí is due to the deficiency in the hygiene of the fruit from its harvest tot he final product. According to the Ministry of Health, in the period from 2000 to 2013, 1,570 cases were recorded in Brazil, 1,081 of which were contaminated orally, 100 by vector, 6 by vertical, 372 ignoredand 11 by other forms. The northern was the one with the largest number (1,430 cases), being 1,023 by oral contamination. The Northern Region of Brazil, which contributes with the majority of cases in the country, has the incidence related to the months of the açaí crop, between August and November. Between 2005 and 2013 occurred 112 outbreaks involving 35 municipalities of the Amazon region, and in most of them the contamination was orally. Conclusion: The lack of hygiene and care with the manipulation of the açaí, caused the number of cases to rise among all social classes. Keywords: Açaí; Chagas Disease; Trypanosoma cruzi.
Palavras-chave: Açaí; Trypanosoma Cruzi; Doença de Chagas.
Abstract: Chagas disease is transmitted through a protozoan called Trypanosoma cruzi. Its forms of transmission are by various means such as: vector, transfusional, congenital, accidental, through transplant sand oral. Among the forms of oral routeis through açaí, the fruit of a palm tree native to the Amazon region called açaizeiro cultivated on firm soil, wetlands and floodplains. Considered a source of food of the most important by the riverside populations and those of low income. Objective: The present study was a bibliographical review with the objective of to bring knowledge and to describe the disease and its transmission through açaí consumption, ways of combating the barber, preventive measures and the importance of the nursing in the care with the patient with the disease. Method: methodology carried out through bibliographical research of national and international articles, starting in 2010, where a total of 27 articles were found. Results/Discussion: demonstrated that the transmission of the disease of Chagas through the consumption of açaí is due to the deficiency in the hygiene of the fruit from its harvest tot he final product. According to the Ministry of Health, in the period from 2000 to 2013, 1,570 cases were recorded in Brazil, 1,081 of which were contaminated orally, 100 by vector, 6 by vertical, 372 ignoredand 11 by other forms. The northern was the one with the largest number (1,430 cases), being 1,023 by oral contamination. The Northern Region of Brazil, which contributes with the majority of cases in the country, has the incidence related to the months of the açaí crop, between August and November. Between 2005 and 2013 occurred 112 outbreaks involving 35 municipalities of the Amazon region, and in most of them the contamination was orally. Conclusion: The lack of hygiene and care with the manipulation of the açaí, caused the number of cases to rise among all social classes. Keywords: Açaí; Chagas Disease; Trypanosoma cruzi.